Warm-up
Touch and Textures
Soft, rough, warm and cold: describing things with our hands
Today’s grammar
Talk first
- What is the softest thing in your home?
- Do you like warm or cool water?
- What do you touch every day?
After this lesson you will be able to...
- Describe how things feel with exact adjectives.
- Use too and enough in the correct place.
- Talk about comfortable and uncomfortable things.
- Put two adjectives in the right order.
Vocabulary
Words to learn
| soft | м’який My scarf is very soft. |
| rough | шорсткий The wall is rough. |
| smooth | гладенький The table is smooth. |
| sharp | гострий Be careful, the knife is sharp. |
| heavy | важкий This bag is too heavy. |
| light | легкий The jacket is very light. |
| warm | теплий The tea is warm. |
| cold | холодний The window is cold. |
Grammar
Too and enough
Too means “more than we want” — it is a problem. It goes before an adjective: The tea is too hot. The bag is too heavy to carry.
Enough means “as much as we need”. It goes after an adjective: The room is warm enough. With nouns it goes before: I have enough time. For the opposite: not warm enough, not enough time.
| This soup is too hot to drink. |
| The water is cool enough for me. |
| My coat is not warm enough. |
| We don’t have enough chairs. |
Very or too?
Very is only a strong word: The tea is very hot (but I can drink it). Too is a problem: The tea is too hot (I can’t drink it).
We often add “to + verb” after too and enough: The box is too heavy to lift. She is old enough to travel alone.
| The tea is very hot, but I like it. |
| The tea is too hot to drink. |
| He is strong enough to carry the box. |
| It is too noisy to sleep. |
Order of adjectives
When we use two or more adjectives, we put them in a natural order: opinion → size → age → material. For example: a lovely big old wooden table.
With only two adjectives, put the opinion first: a soft warm blanket, a beautiful old chair. We do not usually use more than three adjectives.
| I have a soft, warm blanket. |
| She has a beautiful old wooden box. |
| He bought a big new leather bag. |
| It is a lovely, cool, smooth stone. |
Speaking
Easy — warm up your speaking
- What is soft in your home?
- Do you like soft pillows?
- Is your bed hard or soft?
- Is the weather cold today?
- Do you like warm hands?
- What is the smoothest thing you know?
- Is your bag heavy?
- Do you have a favourite blanket?
- Is your room warm enough?
- Do you like rough or smooth surfaces?
- What do you touch first in the morning?
- Do you like cold water?
Medium — say more
- Describe your favourite blanket or scarf.
- Describe the feeling of cold water on a hot day.
- What is too hot for you to touch?
- Which things feel nice when you hold them?
- What does a sharp knife feel like? Why must we be careful?
- How does a baby’s hand feel?
- What do you do when your hands are too cold?
- Describe the texture of your favourite fruit.
- What is the most comfortable thing you own?
- How do you know when milk is too hot?
- Tell me about a time when something was too heavy to carry.
- What do you like to touch in nature?
Deeper — explain and give reasons
- Why is touch such an important sense?
- Which sense is the most important for you? Explain.
- How do we learn about the world by touch?
- Why do we hug people we love?
- Can touch make us feel safe? Give examples.
- What is a gift that feels special because of how it feels in your hands?
- How do you decide that a thing is good quality only by touching it?
- If you could keep only one sense, which would you keep?
More questions
- Is your phone too big or too small?
- Is your coffee hot enough?
- What is not warm enough in winter?
- Do you have enough blankets?
- What is too heavy for you to carry?
- Is your chair comfortable enough?
- What feels like silk?
- What feels like stone?
- What do you touch to check if bread is fresh?
- Is the water in your home warm enough in the morning?
- Which is better: a hard chair or a soft sofa?
- Do you have a lovely old thing at home?
Opinions and what-ifs
- Do you think we use touch enough in modern life?
- Would you like to have a soft pet to touch?
- What if everything felt the same?
- Is it better to buy clothes by touching them first?
- Which feels nicer: sand or grass?
- Do you think it is rude to touch other people’s things?
- Which touch is the best: a handshake, a hug or a pat on the shoulder?
- What would you say to explain “soft” to a child?