Speaking Boost · B2 · Lesson 29 of 50
Speaking Boost B2 · Block 6: History and Culture

How does a painted egg tell a story?

The Ukrainian pysanka is a decorated egg with a long tradition and a rich language of symbols. Learn to talk about traditions and to express wishes and regrets with wish and if only.

1

Warm-up

5 min
1.1

Traditions and crafts

Answer each question with 2–3 sentences.

  1. Do you have any family traditions?
  2. Do you decorate anything for holidays?
  3. Who taught you a tradition?
  4. What handmade thing do you own?
  5. Which holiday do you like most?
  6. Is there a tradition you would like to keep?
2

Words and phrases

12 min
2.1

New words

Read each word and the example. Then say a sentence about a tradition.

2.2

Which word?

Choose the word that fits.

  1. Every family has its own Easter .
  2. A heart or a sun can be a of love or life.
  3. The lines on the egg are drawn with before dyeing.
  4. They colour the egg with a natural .
  5. A repeated design on an object is called a .
  6. At Easter, many families eggs together.
  7. Old skills are often from grandmother to granddaughter.
  8. A egg is not made in a factory.
2.3

Opposites and pairs

Choose the right answer, then press Check answers.

  1. a tradition is a custom passed from
  2. wax is used to
  3. to decorate = to make something look more
  4. handmade = made
  5. to pass down = to give knowledge to
  6. to protect = to keep
2.4

Useful phrases

Use these phrases to talk about traditions and wishes.

  • I wish I had learned...Шкода, що я не навчився...I wish I had learned to paint eggs as a child.
  • If only I had asked her.Якби ж я її запитав.If only I had asked my grandmother to teach me.
  • I wish I could...Шкода, що я не можу...I wish I could paint as well as she does.
  • I wish people would...Хотів би, щоб люди...I wish people would value handmade things.
  • It's passed down from...Це передається від...It's passed down from mother to daughter.
  • It stands for...Це символізує...It stands for life and the return of spring.
  • It means a lot to me.Це багато для мене значить.This egg means a lot to me.
  • Each one is unique.Кожна неповторна.Each one is unique because it is handmade.
3

Read and react

8 min
3.1

The pysanka

Read the text. Hover over the dotted words for help.

How does a painted egg tell a story?

The pysanka is a Ukrainian Easter egg decorated with the wax-resist method. The artist draws lines and shapes on the white egg with hot wax, then puts the egg into dye. The wax protects the parts of the egg that should keep the earlier colour. The artist repeats this with lighter and darker colours, and at the end the wax is gently removed, so the finished pattern appears.

The patterns are not only beautiful. Many motifs are traditionally said to have meanings: the sun for life, the wave for the passing of time, the deer for health and prosperity. The colours, too, were believed to carry meaning. The exact meanings differed from region to region, and in each family they could be different again.

The tradition is old, and it had been passed down in families long before modern museums began to collect pysankas. In the twentieth century, many Ukrainians who moved abroad took the tradition with them. In Vegreville, Canada, a huge pysanka monument was built in the 1970s, and in Kolomyia, in western Ukraine, there is a museum shaped like an egg.

Today people of all ages learn the craft in workshops. Some wish they had started earlier, but many say that the slow, careful work gives them calm. As one artist said, each egg is a small story that can be read by anyone who knows its language.

Is there a craft in your family that you would like to learn?

3.2

True or false?

  1. A pysanka is decorated with the wax-resist method.
  2. The wax is put on the egg after the last colour.
  3. The meanings of patterns were exactly the same in every region.
  4. There is a pysanka monument in Canada.
  5. The text says only young people learn the craft today.
3.3

What do you think?

  1. Why do traditions matter to a community?
  2. Which tradition would you teach to your children?
  3. Is a handmade object more valuable than a factory one?
  4. How can people keep traditions alive when they move abroad?
4

Grammar for speaking

10 min
4.1

Grammar for speaking

Wish and if only (past regrets)

Use wish or if only + Past Perfect to talk about a regret about the past. We imagine a different past, and it cannot change.

I wish I had learned to paint eggs. If only I had asked her. She wishes she hadn't lost the pattern book.

Wish: present, past, future

Wish + Past Simple for a present situation. Wish + Past Perfect for the past. Wish + would for something that annoys us or that we want to change.

I wish I knew more about it. I wish I had started earlier. I wish people would respect old crafts.

Block 6 review

Use the grammar from this block.

Past Perfect and past passive (L26) · Past Perfect passive, linking past events (L27) · third conditional, should have (L28)

Common mistakes: wish + Past Simple for the present, wish + Past Perfect for the past, and wish + would for things that annoy us. ✗ I wish I know more → I wish I knew more. ✗ I wish I learned it → I wish I had learned it.

4.2

Choose the right form

  1. I wish I
    to paint eggs as a child.
  2. If only I
    my grandmother.
  3. I wish I
    paint as well as she does.
  4. I wish people
    value handmade things.
  5. She wishes she
    the pattern book.
  6. I wish I
    more about my family history.
  7. He wishes he
    to the workshop last week.
  8. It
    from mother to daughter.
4.3

Fix the mistake

Each sentence has one mistake. Type the correct words.

  1. I wish I learned to paint eggs. →
  2. If only I asked her. →
  3. I wish I can paint better. →
  4. I wish people will respect old crafts. →
  5. She wishes she didn't lose the book yesterday. →
  6. I wish I would know more about it. →
4.4

Talk about it

Answer in detail. Use wish, if only and the Past Perfect.

  1. Which tradition from your family means the most to you?
  2. What do you wish you had learned from an older relative?
  3. Do you know the meaning of any symbols in your culture?
  4. What do you wish people would do differently?
  5. If you could save one craft from disappearing, which would it be?
  6. How do you think traditions change when people move to a new country?
5

Three views on a tradition and a short talk

8 min
5.1

Three views on a tradition

Three people talk about the pysanka. Compare their views. Who is the most connected to the tradition? Who has a regret? What tradition would you like to keep alive?

Person 1

Olha, 60

  • Paints pysankas
  • Learned from her grandmother
  • Draws the sun and the wave
  • Teaches the craft in a workshop
Person 2

Mark, 28

  • Lives in Canada
  • Has Ukrainian grandparents
  • Wishes he had learned the craft earlier
  • Has just joined a class
Person 3

Mrs Dziuba, 75

  • Keeps old eggs in a box
  • Says each one is unique
  • Wishes young people would visit museums
  • Tells stories about each pattern
5.2

Mini-talk: a tradition and a wish

Your teacher will time you.

  1. Plan for one minute, then speak for one or two minutes.
  2. Part 1: describe a tradition from your family or country.
  3. Part 2: say what you wish you had done or learned (wish and if only).
  4. Part 3: say what you wish would change, and how you can help to keep the tradition alive.
2:00
6

Personal questions

10 min
6.1

Part I: Me

  1. Which family tradition do you like most?
  2. What do you wish you had learned as a child?
  3. Do you enjoy making things by hand?
  4. What would you like to learn to make?
  5. What do you wish you could do better?
  6. Do you keep any old objects from your family?
  7. What symbol is important to you?
  8. What do you wish you had done last year?
6.2

Part II: Other people

  1. Who in your family keeps traditions alive?
  2. Who taught you to cook?
  3. Who would you ask about the past?
  4. Who makes handmade gifts?
  5. Who do you wish you could see more often?
  6. Who tells the best family stories?
6.3

Part III: A bit deeper

  1. Are traditions important for young people?
  2. Should schools teach traditional crafts?
  3. Is it right to sell traditional art as souvenirs?
  4. Do you wish people would travel less or more?
  5. Can a tradition change and still be the same?
7

Roleplay

12 min
7.1

Presenting a tradition

You

Presenter

You present a tradition to a visitor (your teacher):
  • name the tradition
  • explain how it is done
  • say what the symbols mean
  • say why it matters to you
Speak for at least 2 minutes in total. Use the passive and wish.
Your teacher

Visitor

Says things like:
  1. What is it?
  2. How is it made?
  3. What does it mean?
  4. Why is it important?
7.2

Talking about regrets

You

Speaker

A friend (your teacher) asks about something you wish you had done:
  • say what you wish you had done
  • explain why you did not
  • say what you wish you could do now
  • say what you will do next
You do most of the talking. Use: I wish I had... · If only I had... · I wish I could...
Your teacher

Friend

Says things like:
  1. What do you regret?
  2. Why didn't you?
  3. Is it too late?
  4. What will you do?
8

Homework

at home

Your homework score

Do all four exercises, then press Check all homework. Correct answers will appear next to your mistakes.

– / 30
H1

Complete with a word

traditionsymbolwaxdyepatterndecoratepassed downhandmade
  1. Every family has its own Easter .
  2. A heart or a sun can be a of love or life.
  3. The lines on the egg are drawn with before dyeing.
  4. They colour the egg with a natural .
  5. A repeated design on an object is called a .
  6. At Easter, many families eggs together.
  7. Old skills are often from grandmother to granddaughter.
  8. A egg is not made in a factory.
H2

Choose the correct form

  1. I wish I to cook as a child.
  2. If only we earlier.
  3. She wishes she sing well.
  4. I wish it raining.
  5. He wishes he that yesterday.
  6. I wish I the answer now.
  7. It in our family.
  8. They wish they to the party.
H3

Correct or incorrect?

Decide if each sentence is grammatically correct.

  1. I wish I had learned to paint eggs.
  2. I wish I learned to paint eggs.
  3. If only I had asked her.
  4. I wish I can paint better.
  5. I wish people would respect old crafts.
  6. She wishes she didn't lose the book yesterday.
  7. Each one is unique.
H4

Match the two halves

  1. I wish I had
  2. If only I
  3. I wish I
  4. I wish people
  5. It's passed down
  6. It stands
  7. It means

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