Speaking Boost · B2 · Lesson 7 of 50
Speaking Boost B2 · Block 2: Work and Money

Where does the CV come from?

Around 1482 a letter listed a man's skills for a duke, and many people call it the first CV. Learn to describe your experience with the Present Perfect Continuous and to sell yourself in an interview.

1

Warm-up

5 min
1.1

Job applications

Answer each question with 2–3 sentences.

  1. Have you ever written a CV?
  2. What would you put first on your CV?
  3. How long have you been working or studying in your present place?
  4. What have you been doing to develop your skills?
  5. What are you responsible for at work or at home?
  6. What was the hardest job interview you've ever had?
2

Words and phrases

12 min
2.1

New words

Read each word and the example. Then say a sentence about your own CV.

2.2

Which word?

Choose the word that fits.

  1. There is a for a marketing manager at our company.
  2. Please for the job before Friday.
  3. She has the right for the job: a degree in law.
  4. Her biggest was winning the national prize.
  5. He asked his old boss to be his .
  6. Each must send a CV and a cover letter.
  7. She is for a team of ten people.
  8. The manager wants to five people for an interview.
2.3

Opposites and pairs

Choose the right answer, then press Check answers.

  1. a vacancy is a
  2. a reference is a
  3. a cover letter is a letter sent
  4. to shortlist = to
  5. qualified =
  6. an achievement is something you have
2.4

Useful phrases

Use these phrases in a job interview.

  • I've been working as... for...Я працюю... вже...I've been working as a designer for six years.
  • How long have you been...?Як довго ти...?How long have you been looking for a job?
  • I've been looking for...Я шукаю...I've been looking for a new position.
  • I'm responsible for...Я відповідаю за...I'm responsible for a team of five.
  • One of my greatest achievements is...Одним з моїх найбільших досягнень є...One of my greatest achievements is a successful campaign.
  • I'd like to apply for...Я хотів би подати заявку на...I'd like to apply for the position of manager.
  • My strengths include...Мої сильні сторони включають...My strengths include teamwork and patience.
  • I'm good at...Я добре вмію...I'm good at solving problems.
3

Read and react

8 min
3.1

The first CV

Read the text. Hover over the dotted words for help.

Where does the CV come from?

Today almost every job application begins with a CV. But where does the idea come from?

The words come from Latin and mean "course of life". For centuries, people looked for work without any special document. They asked friends, or they met the employer in person.

One of the best-known early examples is a letter that is usually attributed to Leonardo da Vinci. Around 1482 he wrote to Ludovico Sforza, the Duke of Milan. He listed his abilities and said he could build bridges, design weapons and plan defences. Only near the end did he mention that he could also paint and sculpt. It is a good example of how to sell yourself to an employer.

Over the centuries, the CV changed. In the twentieth century, typed CVs became common, and today many applicants send them online. Some employers use software to shortlist candidates before a person reads a single page.

Experts often give similar advice: keep the CV short, put your most relevant achievements first, and adapt it to each vacancy.

How long have you been looking for a job, or how long have you had your present one?

3.2

True or false?

  1. The words "curriculum vitae" come from Latin.
  2. Leonardo wrote his letter to the Duke of Milan.
  3. In the letter, Leonardo mentioned painting first.
  4. Today many CVs are sent online.
  5. The text says a CV should be as long as possible.
3.3

What do you think?

  1. What would you put first on your own CV?
  2. How is a modern CV different from Leonardo's letter?
  3. Do you think software should shortlist candidates?
  4. How can people with little experience impress an employer?
4

Grammar for speaking

10 min
4.1

Grammar for speaking

Present Perfect Continuous

have / has been + -ing. Use it for an action that started in the past and continues now, or that has a visible result. Use it with for and since.

I've been working here for six years. She's been looking for a job since March. Why are you out of breath? Have you been running?

Continuous or simple?

Use the Continuous to focus on the activity and its duration. Use the Simple to focus on the result or the number. Stative verbs (know, have, like) stay simple.

I've been writing my CV all morning. I've written three CVs this week. I've known him for years.

Block 2 review

Use the grammar from this block.

Present Perfect or Past Simple (L6)

Common mistakes: have been + -ing with for and since, and no continuous with stative verbs. ✗ I am working here since 2019 → I have been working here since 2019. ✗ I have been knowing him → I have known him.

4.2

Choose the right form

  1. I
    here since 2019.
  2. How long
    looking for a job?
  3. She's tired; she
    all night.
  4. I
    five letters today.
  5. They
    each other for years.
  6. He
    waiting for an hour.
  7. We
    for a new manager since June.
  8. Why are your hands dirty?
    ?
4.3

Fix the mistake

Each sentence has one mistake. Type the correct words.

  1. I am working here since 2019. →
  2. How long do you look for a job? →
  3. She has been knowing him for years. →
  4. I have been writing three emails today. →
  5. They are waiting for an hour. →
  6. He has been work here for ten years. →
4.4

Talk about it

Answer in detail. Use the Present Perfect Continuous and the Present Perfect Simple.

  1. How long have you been studying English, and what have you been doing to improve?
  2. What have you been doing at work or school this week?
  3. What do you think is the most important thing on a CV?
  4. Tell me about your biggest achievement.
  5. What kind of position have you been looking for?
  6. Why should an employer choose you?
5

Three job seekers and a short talk

8 min
5.1

Three job seekers

Three people are looking for jobs. Compare their situations. Who has the strongest CV? Who might need the most help? What advice would you give each one?

Person 1

Alex, 26

  • Has been looking for a job for three months
  • Has a degree in design
  • Has sent twenty applications
  • Gets few interviews
Person 2

Nina, 40

  • Has been working as an accountant for fifteen years
  • Wants a new challenge
  • Has updated her CV this week
  • Has strong references
Person 3

Tom, 52

  • Has been unemployed since March
  • Used to manage a team
  • Is afraid his CV is too long
  • Has been learning new software
5.2

Mini-talk: my skills and experience

Your teacher will time you.

  1. Plan for one minute, then speak for one or two minutes.
  2. Part 1: your present job or study and how long you have been doing it.
  3. Part 2: your strengths and achievements.
  4. Part 3: what you have been doing to improve your skills.
2:00
6

Personal questions

10 min
6.1

Part I: Me

  1. What are you good at?
  2. Have you ever written a CV?
  3. How long have you been working or studying where you are now?
  4. What have you been doing this week?
  5. What is your biggest achievement?
  6. Would you like to change your job?
  7. What would be your ideal position?
  8. What are you responsible for?
6.2

Part II: Other people

  1. Who in your family has had many jobs?
  2. Who helped you with your first CV?
  3. Who has been working the longest?
  4. Who do you know that has been looking for a job?
  5. Who would be a good reference for you?
  6. Who has the most interesting job in your family?
6.3

Part III: A bit deeper

  1. Should a CV have a photo?
  2. Is a cover letter still necessary?
  3. Should employers read every CV?
  4. Is experience more important than qualifications?
  5. Can software choose better than people?
7

Roleplay

12 min
7.1

Job interview

You

Candidate

You are at an interview for a job (your teacher is the interviewer):
  • say how long you have been working in this field
  • describe your main strengths
  • give an example of an achievement
  • ask two questions about the job
Speak for at least 2 minutes in total. Use the Present Perfect Continuous.
Your teacher

Interviewer

Says things like:
  1. Tell me about yourself.
  2. How long have you been working in this field?
  3. What are your strengths?
  4. Do you have any questions?
7.2

Helping a friend with a CV

You

Adviser

A friend (your teacher) is writing a CV and feels stuck. Help him:
  • ask what he has been doing recently
  • suggest what to put first
  • advise him to keep it short
  • encourage him
You do most of the talking. Use: Have you been...? · I'd put... · It's better to...
Your teacher

Friend

Says things like:
  1. I've been looking for a job for months.
  2. I don't know what to write.
  3. Should I add all my jobs?
  4. Do you think this CV is good?
8

Homework

at home

Your homework score

Do all four exercises, then press Check all homework. Correct answers will appear next to your mistakes.

– / 30
H1

Complete with a word

vacancyapplyqualificationsachievementreferenceapplicantresponsibleshortlist
  1. There is a for a marketing manager at our company.
  2. Please for the job before Friday.
  3. She has the right for the job: a degree in law.
  4. Her biggest was winning the national prize.
  5. He asked his old boss to be his .
  6. Each must send a CV and a cover letter.
  7. She is for a team of ten people.
  8. The manager wants to five people for an interview.
H2

Choose the correct form

  1. I here since 2015.
  2. How long studying English?
  3. She him for years.
  4. I six emails today.
  5. They for an hour.
  6. He's tired because he all day.
  7. We for a flat since May.
  8. Your eyes are red. ?
H3

Correct or incorrect?

Decide if each sentence is grammatically correct.

  1. I have been working here since 2019.
  2. I am working here since 2019.
  3. How long have you been looking for a job?
  4. She has been knowing him for years.
  5. I have written three emails today.
  6. They are waiting for an hour.
  7. He has been working here for ten years.
H4

Match the two halves

  1. I've been working as a designer
  2. How long have you been
  3. I've been looking
  4. I'm responsible
  5. One of my greatest achievements
  6. I'd like to apply
  7. My strengths include

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