Warm-up
5 minThe future
Answer and give a real example for each one.
- How do you imagine your life in 2050?
- What invention would you love to see in your lifetime?
- Are you an optimist or a pessimist about the future?
- What did you imagine the future would look like when you were a child?
- Which science fiction film shows a future you'd like to live in?
- What will your city look like in 25 years?
Words and phrases
10 minNew words
For each word or phrase, say one true sentence or prediction.
Which word?
Choose the word or phrase that fits.
- My is that we'll all work four days a week.
- Nobody can exactly what will happen.
- In the , most cars will be electric.
- Prices are to go up next year.
- Scientists hope for a in treating Alzheimer's.
- If we don't save water, we might it.
- I believe the future will be better. I'm an .
- Many of the writer's predictions .
Meanings
Choose the right answer, then press Check answers.
- expecting bad things =
- to actually happen = to come
- to have no more of = to run
- how long people live = life
- a long time from now = in the future
- stories about the future = science
Useful phrases
Use each phrase to make predictions about the future.
- By 2050, I think...До 2050 року, думаю...By 2050, I think most people will work from home.
- In twenty years' time, we'll be...Через двадцять років ми будемо...In twenty years' time, we'll be using robots at home.
- I doubt that...Я сумніваюся, що...I doubt that people will live on Mars.
- There's a good chance that...Є велика ймовірність, що...There's a good chance that cancer will be curable.
- It sounds like science fiction, but...Звучить як фантастика, але...It sounds like science fiction, but flying taxis are being tested.
- I'm optimistic / pessimistic about...Я налаштований(-а) оптимістично / песимістично щодо...I'm optimistic about medicine but pessimistic about the climate.
- Who knows? Maybe...Хто знає? Можливо...Who knows? Maybe we'll all speak one language.
- By the time I'm..., I'll have...Коли мені буде..., я вже...By the time I'm 60, I'll have visited 40 countries.
Read and react
8 minPredictions from 1900
Read the article. Hover over the dotted words for help.
What did people in 1900 think the year 2000 would be like?
In December 1900, an American magazine, the Ladies' Home Journal, published an article by the engineer John Elfreth Watkins Jr. called "What May Happen in the Next Hundred Years". He asked experts to imagine life in the year 2000. Reading it today is fascinating.
Some predictions were surprisingly accurate. Watkins wrote that wireless telephone and telegraph circuits would span the world, so a husband in the middle of the Atlantic could talk to his wife at home. He predicted that photographs would be sent from any distance, and appear in natural colours. He imagined ready-cooked meals delivered to homes, and he expected Americans to become taller. All of these, more or less, came true.
Other predictions were completely wrong. He claimed there would be no letters C, X or Q in the everyday alphabet, because they weren't necessary. He predicted that mosquitoes and house flies would have been practically exterminated, and that wild animals would exist only in zoos. Thankfully, we still have all three letters, and less thankfully, the mosquitoes are still here.
What can we learn? Experts in 1900 were good at imagining improvements to technologies that already existed, like the telephone and photography. They were much worse at imagining completely new things, like the internet or smartphones.
So when we make predictions about 2050, we're probably making the same mistake. The biggest changes may be ones nobody has imagined yet.
True or false?
- The article was written in 1900.
- Watkins predicted phone calls across the ocean.
- He correctly predicted that C, X and Q would disappear.
- He predicted that mosquitoes would be almost gone.
- Experts in 1900 were good at imagining completely new technologies.
What do you think?
- Which 1900 prediction surprises you most?
- Which predictions from your childhood came true?
- What do you think people in 2100 will laugh at about our predictions?
- Why is it so hard to imagine completely new things?
Grammar for speaking
10 minGrammar for speaking
Future Continuous: will be + -ing
An action in progress at a time in the future.
In 2050, we'll be living longer. This time tomorrow, I'll be flying to Rome.
Future Perfect: will have + past participle
An action completed before a time in the future.
By 2050, cars will have become fully electric. By the time I'm 40, I'll have paid off my flat.
might / may / could / be likely to
Less certain predictions (Lesson 23).
We might be living on Mars. Prices are likely to rise.
Time expressions: by 2050, by then, by the time..., in ten years' time, this time next year. Careful: ✗ By 2050 we will finish... (if completed before) → will have finished. ✗ This time tomorrow I will lie on the beach → will be lying.
Choose the right form
- This time next year, I in a new flat.
- By 2050, most cars electric.
- In 20 years, we robots at home.
- By the time I'm 60, I 30 countries.
- Don't call at 8 — I a class.
- People on Mars by 2100.
- By then, scientists a cure.
- Life expectancy is .
Fix the mistake
Each sentence has one mistake. Type the correct words.
- By 2050, we will finish this project. →
- This time tomorrow I will lie on the beach. →
- By 2030, I will have learn three languages. →
- In 10 years we will be live longer. →
- People might living on the Moon. →
- By the time you arrive, I will have cook dinner. →
Talk about it
Answer in detail. Use Future Continuous and Future Perfect.
- What will you be doing this time next year?
- What will you have achieved by the time you're 60?
- What will people be doing in their free time in 2050?
- What will have disappeared by 2050?
- Describe a typical day in your life in 2050.
- What will scientists have discovered by the end of this century?
Life in 2050
8 minPredict 2050
Make predictions for each area. Say how sure you are: will definitely, will probably, might, is unlikely to. Which predictions do you think people in 2100 will laugh at?
Daily life
- Homes and cities
- Transport
- Food and shopping
- Work
People
- How long we'll live
- How we'll learn
- How families will look
- How we'll communicate
The planet and beyond
- The climate
- Space travel
- Animals and nature
- Ukraine in 2050
A letter to 2050
Speak your letter out loud for 1–2 minutes.
- Imagine you're writing a letter to someone reading it in 2050.
- Describe what life is like today.
- Say what you think will have changed by the time they read it.
- Give them one piece of advice.
Personal questions
10 minPart I: Me
- How old will you be in 2050? Where do you think you'll be living?
- What technology from your childhood has already disappeared?
- Would you like to live forever? Why or why not?
- Would you go to space if you could?
- What would you put in a time capsule for 2050?
- What future invention scares you?
- Do you read or watch science fiction?
- Which of your predictions came true in the past?
Part II: Other people
- How will children's lives in 2050 be different from yours?
- Will people still travel abroad in 2050?
- What will Ukraine look like in 2050?
- Will there still be shops and offices?
- Will families be bigger or smaller?
- Which jobs will have disappeared by 2050?
Part III: Thinking deeper
- Will the future be better or worse than the present?
- Should we try to live longer and longer?
- Will humans live on other planets?
- Is it possible to predict the future?
- Will the gap between rich and poor grow?
- What is the biggest challenge humanity will face?
Roleplay
10 minThe time traveller
Time traveller from 2050
You have travelled back from the year 2050. A journalist (your teacher) is amazed and interviews you about the future:- what daily life is like in 2050
- what has changed most since today
- what people today got right and wrong about the future
- one warning or piece of advice for today
Amazed journalist
Asks short questions, for example:- Do people still use phones?
- Have we solved climate change?
- What will I be doing in 2050?
- Is English still important?
The futurologist
Futurologist
You are a famous futurologist. A company asks you what the world of work will look like in 2050. Present your predictions:- which jobs will have disappeared and which new ones will exist
- how and where people will be working
- what skills will be most important
- how companies should prepare now
Company director
Asks questions, for example:- Will we still need offices?
- Will robots replace our staff?
- What should we invest in now?
- How sure are you?
Debate
7 minAgree or disagree?
"Life will be better in 2050 than it is today."
Ideas for
Medicine, technology and education keep improving. People live longer and healthier lives. New energy will solve many problems.Ideas against
Climate change, inequality and conflicts may get worse. Technology also creates new problems. We can't be sure progress will continue.Round 1: give your real opinion for 1–2 minutes. Round 2: defend the opposite side for 1 minute. Use: By 2050, we will have... · There's a good chance that... · I doubt that... · Who knows? Maybe...
Homework
at homeYour homework score
Do all four exercises, then press Check all homework. Correct answers will appear next to your mistakes.
Complete with a word
- His about smartphones was right.
- In the , electric cars will be cheaper.
- It's to rain tomorrow.
- Scientists made a in cancer research.
- Average is rising in many countries.
- If we're not careful, we'll clean water.
- I always expect the best. I'm an .
- Many of the writer's predictions .
Future Continuous or Future Perfect?
- This time tomorrow, I to Lisbon.
- By 2050, cities a lot.
- In 2040, we flying taxis.
- By the time I'm 50, I off my flat.
- Don't call at 9 — I .
- By next year, she her degree.
- People on Mars.
- By then, robots many jobs.
Correct or incorrect?
Decide if each sentence is grammatically correct.
- This time next week, I'll be lying on the beach.
- By 2050, we will finish this project already.
- By the time I'm 60, I'll have retired.
- In 2040, people will be live longer.
- We might be using robots at home.
- By 2030, I will have learn Spanish.
- Prices are likely to rise.
Match the two halves
- By 2050, I think
- In twenty years' time,
- I doubt that
- There's a good chance that
- It sounds like science fiction, but
- Who knows?
- By the time I'm 60,
Finished the lesson?
Mark it as complete to keep track of your progress.