Warm-up
5 minConflict and you
Answer and give a real example for each one.
- What do people argue about most often in your family or at work?
- Are you someone who avoids conflict or faces it?
- How do you usually feel after an argument?
- Is it easy for you to say "I'm sorry"?
- What is the silliest argument you have ever had?
- Who is the best at calming people down in your family or team?
Words and phrases
10 minNew words
For each word or phrase, think of a real situation and say one sentence.
Which word?
Choose the word or phrase that fits.
- We had a big about who should do the dishes.
- I thought the meeting was on Monday, she thought Tuesday. It was just a .
- You were wrong. You should .
- It's not my fault! Don't me!
- He wanted the sea, she wanted the mountains. They had to .
- You're too angry to talk now. First .
- I made a mistake ten years ago and she still .
- Every time I make a small comment, he gets so .
Word partners
Choose the word that goes together, then press Check answers.
- to your voice
- to the air
- to find common
- to take something
- to sort a problem
- to apologise being late
Useful phrases
Use each phrase in a short real situation.
- I see your point, but...Я розумію твою позицію, але...I see your point, but I still think we should wait.
- I feel... when you...Я почуваюся..., коли ти...I feel ignored when you look at your phone.
- Let's try to find a solution that...Давай спробуємо знайти рішення, яке...Let's try to find a solution that works for both of us.
- I'm sorry, I didn't mean to...Вибач, я не хотів(-ла)...I'm sorry, I didn't mean to hurt you.
- Can we talk about...?Можемо поговорити про...?Can we talk about what happened yesterday?
- How about we...?А що, якщо ми...?How about we take turns?
- If I were you, I'd...На твоєму місці я б...If I were you, I'd talk to her directly.
- You'd better... / You'd better not...Тобі краще... / Тобі краще не...You'd better apologise before it's too late.
Read and react
8 minFighting fair
Read the article. Hover over the dotted words for help.
The four signs that a relationship is in trouble
Every couple argues. Every family, every team, every group of friends has conflicts. According to the American psychologist John Gottman, who studied thousands of couples for more than forty years, the question is not whether we argue, but how.
Gottman found four ways of arguing that predict trouble. He called them the "Four Horsemen". The first is criticism: attacking the person instead of the problem ("You're so lazy" instead of "I'm tired of washing the dishes alone"). The second is contempt: mocking, rolling your eyes, making the other person feel small. Gottman says this is the most dangerous sign of all.
The third is defensiveness: making excuses and never accepting any responsibility. The fourth is stonewalling: closing down completely, going silent and refusing to talk.
Happy couples argue too, but they do it differently. They complain about the situation, not the person. They use humour, take breaks when they get too angry, and make "repair attempts", small gestures like a joke or a touch that say "we're still a team". Gottman also found that stable couples have about five positive moments for every negative one.
His advice works far beyond romance: talk about the problem, not the person, and remember that the other side is not your enemy.
True or false?
- Gottman says happy couples never argue.
- Criticism means attacking the person, not the problem.
- Gottman thinks contempt is the most dangerous sign.
- Stonewalling means shouting loudly.
- Stable couples have about five positive moments for each negative one.
What do you think?
- Which of the "Four Horsemen" do you see most often around you (at work, in families, online)?
- Which one are you most likely to use when you're angry?
- What "repair attempts" work for you?
- Could Gottman's ideas help in a workplace conflict? How?
Grammar for speaking
10 minGrammar for speaking
should / ought to
A general opinion about what is right.
You should talk to her. You ought to apologise.
had better ('d better)
Strong advice, often with a warning.
You'd better call him now, or he'll be really angry.
If I were you, I'd...
Advice by imagining yourself in their place.
If I were you, I'd wait until tomorrow.
Softer ways to give advice: Why don't you...? / How about + -ing? / Have you thought about + -ing? Why don't you invite her for coffee? How about writing him a letter? Careful: ✗ You should to call. ✗ If I was you (in correct B1 English: If I were you).
Choose the right form
- You tell him how you feel.
- If I you, I'd say sorry.
- You'd leave now or you'll miss the train.
- Why don't you her tonight?
- How about halfway?
- You listen more.
- You'd better anything to Mum yet.
- Have you thought about to your manager?
Fix the mistake
Each sentence has one mistake. Type the correct words.
- You should to apologise. →
- If I was you, I'd call him. →
- You'd better to hurry. →
- Why you don't talk to her? →
- How about to meet tomorrow? →
- You had better don't argue. →
Talk about it
Answer in detail. Use should, ought to, 'd better, If I were you and Why don't you.
- What advice would you give a couple who argue about money?
- A friend never apologises. What should they do, and what had they better not do?
- Your colleague takes credit for your work. What would you do if you were in this situation?
- Your neighbours have loud parties every weekend. What ought you to do first?
- What advice would you give your younger self about arguments?
- Two of your friends aren't speaking. How about trying to help? What would you do?
Conflict cases
8 minWhat would you do?
For each case: say what the problem really is, how each person feels, and give three pieces of advice. Which of the "Four Horsemen" should they avoid?
The flatmate
- Never washes the dishes
- Eats your food from the fridge
- Says "relax, it's no big deal"
- You've asked politely twice
The colleague
- Presented your idea as theirs
- The boss loved it
- Now everyone thinks they're a genius
- You're very angry
The family dinner
- Your relatives argue about politics every Sunday
- Your partner refuses to go any more
- Your mum is upset
- The next dinner is this weekend
Your conflict style
Answer honestly and give examples.
- When you're angry, do you shout, go silent, or talk calmly?
- Do you forgive quickly or hold a grudge?
- Is it better to sort out problems straight away or to wait a day?
- Have you ever had to say sorry when you didn't think you were wrong?
- What is the best way to end an argument?
Personal questions
10 minPart I: Me
- When was the last time you apologised? What for?
- What makes you lose your temper?
- Do you find it easy to forgive?
- Have you ever ended a friendship because of an argument?
- How do you calm down when you're angry?
- What is the best way to tell someone they've hurt you?
- Do you argue more with family or with colleagues?
- Is there a topic you never discuss with certain people?
Part II: Other people
- Who is the best person you know at solving conflicts? What do they do?
- Should parents argue in front of their children?
- How should a manager deal with two employees who don't get on?
- Is it OK to argue with strangers online?
- Do men and women argue differently?
- Why do people hold grudges for years?
Part III: Thinking deeper
- Can arguments make a relationship stronger?
- Is it always better to be honest, even if it hurts?
- Should you always try to compromise?
- Why are online discussions often so aggressive?
- Can countries learn from couples about solving conflicts?
- Is it a sign of strength or weakness to apologise first?
Roleplay
10 minThe noisy neighbour
Tired neighbour
Your neighbour has been playing loud music late at night for two weeks. You can't sleep and you have an important exam or project. Go and talk to them:- introduce yourself and explain the problem politely
- describe how it affects you (I feel... when...)
- listen to their side and see their point
- find a compromise you can both accept
Neighbour
Is a bit defensive at first and says things like:- It's not that loud!
- It's my flat, I can do what I want.
- You should buy earplugs.
- OK... what do you suggest?
The mediator
HR mediator
Two colleagues in your company are in a serious conflict. Your teacher tells you both sides. Your job:- summarise each person's point of view fairly
- ask questions to find the real problem
- find common ground
- suggest a clear plan they can both accept
Gives the information
Explains the situation, for example:- Anna says Mark is always late with his reports.
- Mark says Anna sends him messages at 11 p.m.
- Both say the other is rude.
- The big deadline is on Friday.
Debate
7 minAgree or disagree?
"It's better to avoid arguments than to have them."
Ideas for
Arguments make people stressed and hurt relationships. Many problems disappear on their own. Peace at home is more important than being right.Ideas against
Problems you avoid grow bigger. Honest arguments clear the air. Gottman shows that it's how you argue, not whether you argue, that matters.Round 1: give your real opinion for 1–2 minutes. Round 2: defend the opposite side for 1 minute. Use: I see your point, but... · If you avoid..., you'll... · Let's be realistic... · I'd say it depends on...
Homework
at homeYour homework score
Do all four exercises, then press Check all homework. Correct answers will appear next to your mistakes.
Complete with a word
- They had a terrible about the holiday.
- I'm sorry, it was all a .
- You were rude. You should .
- He wanted pizza, she wanted sushi. They made a and ordered both.
- Take a deep breath and .
- Let's this problem before Monday.
- It took me a long time to him.
- She never forgets. She holds a for years.
Choose the correct advice form
- You talk to him.
- If I you, I'd wait.
- You'd hurry up.
- Why call her?
- How about them for dinner?
- You say sorry.
- You'd better him yet.
- Have you thought about your job?
Correct or incorrect?
Decide if each sentence is grammatically correct.
- You should to be more patient.
- If I were you, I'd apologise.
- You'd better leave now.
- How about to go for a walk?
- Why don't you ask him directly?
- You ought listen to her.
- You'd better not shout at her.
Match the two halves
- I see your point,
- I feel ignored
- Let's try to find a solution
- I'm sorry, I didn't mean
- Can we talk about
- If I were you,
- You'd better apologise
Finished the lesson?
Mark it as complete to keep track of your progress.